FreeMat: CONV2 Matrix Convolution

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CONV2 Matrix Convolution

Section: Signal Processing Functions

# Usage

The `conv2` function performs a two-dimensional convolution of matrix arguments. The syntax for its use is

        Z = conv2(X,Y)

which performs the full 2-D convolution of `X` and `Y`. If the input matrices are of size `[xm,xn]` and `[ym,yn]` respectively, then the output is of size `[xm+ym-1,xn+yn-1]`. Another form is

        Z = conv2(hcol,hrow,X)

where `hcol` and `hrow` are vectors. In this form, `conv2` first convolves `Y` along the columns with `hcol`, and then convolves `Y` along the rows with `hrow`. This is equivalent to `conv2(hcol(:)*hrow(:)',Y)`.

You can also provide an optional `shape` argument to `conv2` via either

        Z = conv2(X,Y,'shape')
        Z = conv2(hcol,hrow,X,'shape')

where `shape` is one of the following strings

- `'full'` - compute the full convolution result - this is the default if no `shape` argument is provided.
- `'same'` - returns the central part of the result that is the same size as `X`.
- `'valid'` - returns the portion of the convolution that is computed without the zero-padded edges. In this situation, `Z` has size `[xm-ym+1,xn-yn+1]` when `xm>=ym` and `xn>=yn`. Otherwise `conv2` returns an empty matrix.

# Internals

The convolution is computed explicitly using the definition:

If the full output is requested, then `m` ranges over `0 <= m < xm+ym-1` and `n` ranges over `0 <= n < xn+yn-1`. For the case where `shape` is `'same'`, the output ranges over `(ym-1)/2 <= m < xm + (ym-1)/2` and `(yn-1)/2 <= n < xn + (yn-1)/2`.